۱۹۸۲ء دی جنگ لبنان

آزاد انسائیکلوپیڈیا، وکیپیڈیا توں

سانچہ:Use dmy dates

1982 Lebanon War
the Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon (Israeli–Palestinian conflict) and Lebanese Civil War دا حصہ
Lebanese Army, Beirut, Lebanon 1982.jpg
Lebanese troops in Beirut, 1982
تریخ 6 June 1982 – June 1985
(main phase June–September 1982)
تھاں/ٹکانہ Southern لبنان
نتیجہ Israeli strategic failure[۱]
Syrian political advantage[۲]
علاقہ تبدیلیاں Self-proclaimed Free Lebanon State slowly transforms into South Lebanon Security Zone
لڑاکے
حدود PLO
Flag of شام شام
Flag of لبنان Jammoul
حدود حزب اللہ

حدود Amal
حدود Al-Mourabitoun

آگو
Israel:
مناخم بیگن
(Prime Minister)
آرئیل شارون
(Ministry of Defence)
Rafael Eitan
(Army Chief of Staff)
David Ivry
(Israeli Air Force)
Ze'ev Almog
(Israeli Sea Corps)
Phalange:
Bachir Gemayel
Fadi Frem
Elie Hobeika
Al-Tanzim:
Fawzi Mahfuz
SLA:
Saad Haddad
PLO:
یاسر عرفات
(Chairman of the PLO)
Syria:
حافظ الاسد
(President)
Mustafa Tlass
(Minister of Defense)
LCP:
George Hawi
Elias Atallah
Hezbollah:
Abbas al-Musawi
Al-Mourabitoun:
Ibrahim Kulaylat
Amal:
Nabih Berri
ASALA:
Monte Melkonian
PKK:
Mahsum Korkmaz
Others:
Muhsin Ibrahim
Abbas al-Musawi
Ragheb Harb
Murat Karayılan
Inaam Raad
Said Shaaban
طاقت
Israel:
78,000 troops
800 tanks
1,500 APCs
634 aircraft
LF:
30,000 troops
SLA:
5,000 troops
97 tanks
Syria:
22,000 troops
352 tanks
300 APCs
450 aircraft
300 artillery pieces
100 anti-aircraft guns
125 SAM batteries
PLO:
15,000 troops
80 tanks
150 APCs
350+ artillery pieces
250+ anti-aircraft guns
موتاں تے نقصان
Israel: 657 dead, 3,887 wounded[۸] Syrian & Palestinian combatants:
See Casualties below.
Civilians: See Casualties below.
جنگ لبنان 1982 تو‏ں مراد لبنان اُتے اسرائیلی حملے نو‏‏ں کہیا جاندا اے جو 6 جون 1982ء نو‏‏ں شروع ہويا جدو‏ں اسرائیل نے جنوبی لبنان تو‏ں حملہ کیتا۔ جس دا مقصد ابو ندال نامی تنظیم دے خلاف قدم اٹھانا سی ۔

حوالے[سودھو]

  1. The Lebanon War: Operation Peace for Galilee (1982), Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
  2. Globalsecurity.org, THE ISRAELI EXPERIENCE IN LEBANON, 1982–1985, Major George C. Solley, Marine Corps Command and Staff College, 10 May 1987. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
    "The third goal was to remove Syrian presence from Lebanon. The recognition that this goal was obviously unsuccessful must betempered by an awareness of the Lebanese situation since 1982. Even when the first two aims seemed to have been met, Syrian recalcitrance acted as a stumbling blocks the Syrians would by nomeans agree to a withdrawal from Lebanon in conjunction with the Israelis and therefore were able to effectively scuttle the 17 May, Agreement between Israel and Lebanon before it had any chance of fulfillment; Syria offered a haven for PLO fighters in the Bekaa Valley from which they could stage raids on the IDF in Lebanon and from which many have now moved back into Beirut and Sidon; and despite having taken severe losses during the June fighting, Syria was able to quickly replace those losses with better Soviet equipment accompanied by a number of Soviet advisors."
  3. Hirst, David (2010). Beware of Small States. NationBooks, 144–145. ISBN 978-1-56858-657-1. “In time, however, Arafat and his guerrilla leadership decided that they would have to withdraw, leaving no military and very little political or symbolic presence behind. Their enemy's firepower and overall strategic advantage were too great and it was apparently ready to use them to destroy the whole city over the heads of its inhabitants. The rank and file did not like this decision, and there were murmurings of 'treason' from some of Arafat's harsher critics. Had they not already held out, far longer than any Arab country in any former war, against all that the most powerful army in the Middle East – and the fourth most powerful in the world, according to Sharon – could throw against them? (…) But [Palestinians] knew that, if they expected too much, they could easily lose [Lebanense Muslim support] again. 'If this had been Jerusalem', they said, 'we would have stayed to the end. But Beirut is not outs to destroy.” 
  4. Morris, p. 559
  5. "In the Spotlight: PKK (A.k.a KADEK) Kurdish Worker's Party". Cdi.org. http://web.archive.org/web/20181223202410/http://www.cdi.org/terrorism/pkk-pr.cfm%20. Retrieved on
    29 February 2012. 
  6. "Abdullah Öcalan en de ontwikkeling van de PKK". Xs4all.nl. http://web.archive.org/web/20181223202414/https://kicadam.home.xs4all.nl/kurdistan/2_99/ocalan.html%20. Retrieved on
    29 February 2012. 
  7. "a secret relationship". Niqash.org. http://web.archive.org/web/20181223202416/http://www.niqash.org/content.php?contentTypeID=75&id=2285&lang=0%20. Retrieved on
    29 February 2012. 
  8. Wars, Internal Conflicts, and Political Order: A Jewish Democracy in the Middle East, Gad Barzilai, pp. 148