سینار سلطنت
سلطنت زرقا The Blue Sultanate Funj Sultanate السلطنة الزرقاء (عربی) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1504–1821 | |||||||||
 سلطنت زرقا (گلابی) 1750 | |||||||||
| حیثیت | متحدہ ریاست[۱] | ||||||||
| راجگڑھ | سنار | ||||||||
| عمومی زباناں | عربی[۲] | ||||||||
| مذہب | اسلام[۳] | ||||||||
| حکومت | بادشاہت | ||||||||
| مک (سلطان) | |||||||||
• 1504–1533/4 | امارہ دنقس (پہلا) | ||||||||
• 1805–1821 | بادی ہفتم (آخری) | ||||||||
| مقننہ | وڈی کونسل[۴] | ||||||||
| تاریخی دور | شروعاتی نواں دور | ||||||||
• قیام | 1504 | ||||||||
• محمد علی پاشا نے فتح کیتا | 14 جون 1821 | ||||||||
• مصر چ رلی | 13 فروری 1841 | ||||||||
| آبادی | |||||||||
• 1820 | 5156000 | ||||||||
| کرنسی | کوئی نئیں (بارٹر) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
سینار سلطنت (Sultanate of Sennar) (عربی: السلطنة الزرقاء) جسنوں سلطنت زرقا (The Blue Sultanate) یاں سلطنت فنج (Funj Sultanate) وی آکھیا جاندا اے سوڈان دے اتلے چ اک سلطنت سی۔ فنج ناں اوتھے دی اک نسلی ٹولیدے ناں اتے اے۔
حوالے
[سودھو]- ↑ سانچہ:Country study
- ↑ McHugh, Neil (1994). Holymen of the Blue Nile: The Making of an Arab-Islamic Community in the Nilotic Sudan, 1500–1850, Series in Islam and Society in Africa. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 9. ISBN 978-0-8101-1069-4. “The spread of Arabic flowed not only from the dispersion of Arabs but from the unification of the Nile by a government, the Funj sultanate, that utilized Arabic as an official means of communication, and from the use of Arabic as a trade language.”
- ↑ Trimingham, J. Spencer (1996). "Islam in Sub-Saharan Africa, till the 19th century", The Last Great Muslim Empires, Abbreviated and adapted by F. R. C. Bagley, 2nd, History of the Muslim World, 3, Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 167. ISBN 978-1-55876-112-4. “The date when the Funj rulers adopted Islam is not known, but must have been fairly soon after the foundation of Sennār, because they then entered into relations with Muslim groups over a wide area.”
- ↑ Welch, Galbraith (1949). North African Prelude: The First Seven Thousand Years (snippet view), New York: W. Morrow, 463. OCLC 413248. Retrieved on 12 August 2010. “The government was semirepublican; when a king died the great council picked a successor from among the royal children. Then—presumably to keep the peace—they killed all the rest.”