16 وڈیاں ترک سلطنتاں

16 وڈیاں ترک سلطنتاں (ترکی زبان: 16 Büyük Türk Devleti ) ترک نسلی قوم پرستی وچ اک نظریہ اے جہڑا 1969ء وچ عاقب اوزبیک نے متعارف کروایا ۔^[۱] جسنوں 1980ء دے دہاکے وچ ترکی دی سرکار نے بڑاوا دتا ۔

لسٹ

"16 ترک سلطنتاں" اس پرکار نیں:

جھنڈا^[۲]	ناں	ترک ناں	آگو^[۳]	ویلہ^[۴]
فائل:Asian Huns.png	وڈی ہن سلطنت	Büyük Hun İmparatorluğu	میتے خان	220 BC-46 BC
	لہندی ہن سلطنت	Batı Hun İmparatorluğu	پانو	48-216
	یورپی ہن سلطنت	Avrupa Hun İmparatorluğu	اٹیلا	375-469
	چٹی ہن سلطنت	Akhun İmparatorluğu	آقسنور	390-577
	گوک ترک سلطنت	Göktürk İmparatorluğu	بومن کاغان	552-745
	عوار خاگانیت	Avar İmparatorluğu	بایان کاغان	565-835
	خزر سلطنت	Hazar İmparatorluğu	خزر کاغان	651-983
	ایغور خاگانیت	Uygur Devleti	قتلغ بیلکے کاغان	745-1369
	قاراخانی	Karahanlılar	بیلگے کولکادر خان	840-1212
	غزنوی سلطنت	Gazneliler	الپتگین	962-1186
	سلجوقی سلطنت	Büyük Selçuklu İmparatorluğu	سلجوق بے	1040–1157
	خوارزم شاہی سلطنت	Harzemşahlar	محمد خوارزم شاہ	1097–1231
	طلائی اردو	Altınordu Devleti	باتو خان	1236–1502
	تیموری سلطنت	Büyük Timur İmparatorluğu	تیمور	1368–1501
	مغل سلطنت	Babür İmparatorluğu	بابر شاہ	1526-1858
	سلطنت عثمانیہ	Osmanlı İmparatorluğu	عثمان بے	1299-1922

Reception

Turkish nationalist writer, novelist, poet and philosopher, Hüseyin Nihâl Atsız, supporter of the pan-Turkist or Turanism ideology, had noted that while some states with questionable Turkic identity were included in the list, some ostensibly Turkic states (such as Akkoyunlu) were left out, and labeled the list a "fabrication."^[۵]

In spite of Atsız' criticism, the concept has was made a mainstream topos in Turkish national symbolism in the wake of the 1980 Turkish coup d'état, under the presidency of Kenan Evren, when "Turkish-Islamic synthesis" was declared the official nature of Turkish national identity. The Turkish Postal administration issued a series of stamps dedicated to the 16 Empires in 1984, showing portraits of their respective founders as well as attributed flags.^[۲] In 1985, Özbek's 16 Empires were invoked as a retrospective explanation of the 16 stars in the presidential seal of Turkey (introduced in 1936).^[۶]

Several municipal buildings and public parks in Turkey have collections of busts or statues of the supposed founders of the "16 Empires" alongside a statue of Kemal Atatürk, including the municipal buildings of Keçiören (Ankara), Mamak, Ankara, Etimesgut, Niğde, Nevşehir, Pınarbaşı, Kayseri, etc.^[۳]

In 2000, Türk Telekom produced a series of smart cards dedicated to the topic.^[۷]

In January 2015, Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan received Palestinian president Mahmoud Abbas in the Turkish Presidential Palace with a guard of 16 "warriors", actors wearing loosely historical armour and costume, intended to symbolise the 16 empires.^[۸] The costumes were ridiculed in the Turkish media, and one of the costumes in particular was mocked as a "bathrobe", becoming a trend on social media under the name of Duşakabinoğul (as it were "son of the shower cabin").^[۹]

ہور ویکھو

وکیمیڈیا کامنز چ مورتاں: Sixteen Great Turkish Empires

حوالے

↑ H. Feridun Demokan, Contemporary Turkey: Geography, History, Economy, Art, Tourism, Demokan, 1978, p. 4. Necdet Evliyagil, Sami Güner, Basın-Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü, Ajans-Türk, Türkiye: Cumhuriyetin 50. Yıl Kitabı, Ajans-Türk Matbaacılık Sanayii, 1973.
↑ ^۲.۰ ^۲.۱ Ivan Sache, Presentation of the Sixteen Great Turkish Empires and their alleged flags, Flags of the World, 4 July 2004; c.f. jpeg of the 1984 stamp series. The flags were designed by Özbek in 1969. They are mostly imaginary, with the exception of the 1844 Ottoman flag, and arguably the wolf's head and the bow-and-arrow used as emblems for the Göktürk and the Seljuk states, respectively. Ekrem Buğra Ekinci, 16 TÜRK DEVLETİ Cumhurbaşkanlığı forsundaki 16 yıldız neyi ifade ediyor?, 2 February 2015.
↑ ^۳.۰ ^۳.۱ Keçiören 39°58′41″N 32°52′3″E / 39.97806°N 32.86750°E / 39.97806; 32.86750. Etimesgut Belediyesi kent meydanı için hazırlanan 16 Türk Büyüğü heykelleri. Niğde’nin simgesi Türk Büyükleri heykelleri kaldırılıyor mu? Türk devlet büyükleri Mamak'ta Archived 2016-08-05 at the وے بیک مشین Türk Büyükleri Anıtları Yenilendi (Nevşehir). "Pınarbaşı Turkishness Monument" (Pınarbaşı Türklük Anıtı, opened in 2000).
↑ Dates as shown in the original documentسانچہ:Clarify^{[حوالہ درکار]}
↑ On line history newspaper (سانچہ:Tr icon) Nihal Atsız سانچہ:Tr icon
↑ Central Eurasian Studies Review, Vol. 3, Central Eurasian Studies Society, 2004, p. 23
↑ Büyük Türk Devletleri [۱]
↑ Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil.
↑ Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. The Takvim daily newspaper omitted a label for this particular costume (Western Hunnic Empire) by mistake; diken.com.tr.

[1] H. Feridun Demokan, Contemporary Turkey: Geography, History, Economy, Art, Tourism, Demokan, 1978, p. 4. Necdet Evliyagil, Sami Güner, Basın-Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü, Ajans-Türk, Türkiye: Cumhuriyetin 50. Yıl Kitabı, Ajans-Türk Matbaacılık Sanayii, 1973.

[flags-2] ۲.۰ ^۲.۱ Ivan Sache, Presentation of the Sixteen Great Turkish Empires and their alleged flags, Flags of the World, 4 July 2004; c.f. jpeg of the 1984 stamp series. The flags were designed by Özbek in 1969. They are mostly imaginary, with the exception of the 1844 Ottoman flag, and arguably the wolf's head and the bow-and-arrow used as emblems for the Göktürk and the Seljuk states, respectively. Ekrem Buğra Ekinci, 16 TÜRK DEVLETİ Cumhurbaşkanlığı forsundaki 16 yıldız neyi ifade ediyor?, 2 February 2015.

[statues-3] ۳.۰ ^۳.۱ Keçiören 39°58′41″N 32°52′3″E / 39.97806°N 32.86750°E / 39.97806; 32.86750. Etimesgut Belediyesi kent meydanı için hazırlanan 16 Türk Büyüğü heykelleri. Niğde’nin simgesi Türk Büyükleri heykelleri kaldırılıyor mu? Türk devlet büyükleri Mamak'ta Archived 2016-08-05 at the وے بیک مشین Türk Büyükleri Anıtları Yenilendi (Nevşehir). "Pınarbaşı Turkishness Monument" (Pınarbaşı Türklük Anıtı, opened in 2000).

[4] Dates as shown in the original documentسانچہ:Clarify^{[حوالہ درکار]}

[5] On line history newspaper (سانچہ:Tr icon) Nihal Atsız سانچہ:Tr icon

[CESR-6] Central Eurasian Studies Review, Vol. 3, Central Eurasian Studies Society, 2004, p. 23

[7] Büyük Türk Devletleri [۱]

[8] Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil.

[9] Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. Lua error in ماڈیول:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/ar at line 45: attempt to compare number with nil. The Takvim daily newspaper omitted a label for this particular costume (Western Hunnic Empire) by mistake; diken.com.tr.

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