قومی کھیل
Appearance
قومی کھیل (انگریزی: national sport یا national pastime) اوہ کھیل جو کسی ملک دی اندرونی سبھیاچار دا آئینہ دار سمجھیا جاندا اے۔ بعض کھیل قانونی سطح اُتے قومی کھیل ہُندے نيں جداں پاکستان وچ ہاکی تے بعض جگہ انہاں دی حیثیت قانونی قومی کھیل دی نئيں ہُندی جداں امریکا وچ بیس بال یا برطانیہ وچ فٹبال۔
قانونی طور اُتے قومی کھیل
[سودھو]ملک | کھیل | جس سال قومی کھیل قرار پایا |
---|---|---|
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Pato | 1953[۱] |
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Sloop sailing | 1993[۲] |
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کبڈی ("قومی کھیل") | 1972[۳] |
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Capoeira | 1972[۴] |
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Lacrosse (گرما)، آئس ہاکی (سرما) | 1994[۵] |
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Chilean rodeo | 1962[۶] |
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Tejo | 2000[۷] |
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Varzesh-e Bastani، پہلوانی | 1976[۸] |
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Charrería | 1933[۹] |
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Arnis | 2009[۱۰] |
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Paso Fino ("autochthonous sport") | 1966[۱۱] |
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والی بال | 1991[۱۲] |
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Dandi Biyo | 1973[۱۳] |
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Destrezas Criollas (Creole [i.e. gaucho] Skills[۱۴]) |
2006[۱۵] |
عملی طور اُتے قومی کھیل
[سودھو](انہاں نوں حالے تک انہاں ملکاں وچ قانونی طور اُتے قومی کھیل دی حیثیت حاصل نئيں ہوئی)
ہور دیکھو
[سودھو]حوالے
[سودھو]- ↑ Argentina Decree Nº 17468 of 16 September 1953 at www.pato.org.ar Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Craton, Michael (1998). Islanders in the Stream: A History of the Bahamian People. University of Georgia Press, 471. ISBN 0-8203-2284-9.
- ↑ Banglapedia: Kabadi at www.a-bangladesh.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Lowell, John (1992). Ring of Liberation: Deceptive Discourse in Brazilian Capoeira. University of Chicago Press, 61. ISBN 0-226-47683-9.
- ↑ National Sports of Canada Act S.C. 1994, c. 16, Justice Laws Website, National Government of Canada
- ↑ Moreira Recchione, Alberto (December 2007). "La Medialuna: un edificio para Chile" (in Spanish). Revista de urbanismo (University of Chile) (17). ISSN 0717-5051. http://revistaurbanismo.uchile.cl/CDA/urb_completa/0,1313,ISID%3D728%26IDG%3D1%26ACT%3D1%26PRT%3D20871,00.html. Retrieved on ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "A reconocerse, en 1962, el rodeo como deporte nacional y oficial [10 de enero de 1962, oficio N°269 del Consejo Nacional de Deportes y Comité Olímpico de Chile]".
- ↑ Colombia Law 613 of 4 September 2000 at www.glin.gov Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ فدراسیون کشتی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
- ↑ La Charrería "Nuestro Deporte Nacional" at www.sectur.gob.mx Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Republic Act No. 9850: An Act declaring Arnis as the national martial art and sport of the Philippines at www.filipiniana.net Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Puerto Rico Act 64 of 2000, S.B. 1856 at www.oslpr.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived 11 April 2000)
- ↑ Fernando, Leslie (3 June 2005). "Sponsors President's Gold Cup tourney: Dialog assures future of VB". Daily News (Sri Lanka). https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023818/http://www.dailynews.lk/2005/06/03/spo01.htm%20. Retrieved on ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "Way back in 1991 volleyball was declared as the national sport of Sri Lanka but it was only name sake."
- ↑ Fernando, Leslie (3 June 2005). "Sponsors President's Gold Cup tourney: Dialog assures future of VB". Daily News (Nepal). https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023818/http://www.dailynews.lk/2005/06/03/spo01.htm%20. Retrieved on ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "Way back in 1973 Dandi Biyo was declared as the national sport of Nepal but it was only name sake."
- ↑ Aeberhard, Danny (2001). The Rough Guide to Argentina, 198. ISBN 1-85828-569-0. “"displays of traditional gaucho skills (destrezas criollas)"”
- ↑ Uruguay Law 17958 of 21 April 2006 at www.glin.gov Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Buzkashi: The National Game of Afghanis at www.afghanembassy.net Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ "Boat Racing Season Officially Opens". The Anguillian. 3 March 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20090208162056/http://www.festival.ai/article/articleview/4525/1/127/. Retrieved on ۲۱ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "Director of Sports, Alkins Rogers, […] reported that the Government recognizes boat racing as the national sport of Anguilla and was giving financial resources for its development."
- ↑ Antiguans and Barbudans at www.everyculture.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Barbados: Sports at www.barbados.gov.bb Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Cricket by association at content-www.cricinfo.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived March 2007)
- ↑ National Symbols at www.bhutan.gov.bt Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Gonzalez Echevarria, Roberto (1999). "A Cuban Belle Époque", The Pride of Havana: A History of Cuban Baseball. Oxford University Press, 76. ISBN 0-19-514605-0. “Baseball is so ingrained in Cuba that it has thrived as the "national sport" through forty years of a bitterly anti-American revolution.”
- ↑ Mckinley, James C., Jr (26 March 1999). "Baseball; Clash of Cultures, Pride and Passion". نیو یارک ٹائمز. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9501E4DE1530F935A15750C0A96F958260. Retrieved on ۲۴ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "Most Cubans, after all, consider baseball to be their national sport, a game entwined in history with their struggle for independence from Spain and the birth of their nation."
- ↑ Speech at a meeting with Pan American Games delegation members at www.cuba.cu Error: unknown archive URL (archived 13 August 1999)
- ↑ Some facts about the Dominican Republic at www.domrep.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Hughes, Simon (9 April 2009). "Cricket losing status as national sport". The Daily Telegraph (London). https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023955/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/cricket/5132934/Cricket-losing-status-as-national-sport.html%20.
- ↑ (2007) Lonely Planet Eastern Europe, 9, Lonely Planet, 319. “Basketball is the unofficial national sport”
- ↑ About Finland: General information: Sports at www.finland.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived 11 June 2007)
- ↑ There is far more to savour in European rugby union than just the Six Nations The Guardian
- ↑ Batting For Grenada at azzurracastlegrenada.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived March 2007)
- ↑ Games at guyana-tourism.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ سانچہ:Cite article
- ↑ (2014) Contemporary Sport Management, 5th, Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics, 257. ISBN 978-1-4504-6965-4.
- ↑ No National status, except in NCERT textbooks at www.dnaindia.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived 11 March 2008)
- ↑ Citizens: Sports: Hockey at india.gov.in Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ A 2012 article in the The Times of India argued that hockey is no longer the national sport: Mahanta, Bhaskar (28 September 2012). "What is the National Game of India?". The Times of India. https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023959/https://www.indiatimes.com/others/what-is-the-national-game-of-india-41732.html%20/. Retrieved on ۷ مئی ۲۰۱۳.
- ↑ Football in Israel at www.asiarooms.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived 21 February 2011)
- ↑ "RTÉ Secures Comprehensive GAA Championship Coverage Until 2010". RTÉ Online. 19 February 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023932/https://www.rte.ie/about/pressreleases/2008/0219/gaachampionship2010.html%20. Retrieved on ۲۹ اپریل ۲۰۰۹. "Today's announcement ensures that the public will enjoy quality coverage of our national games across all of RTÉ's media platforms."
- ↑ Adjournment Matters. - Eurathlon Programme. at historical-debates.oireachtas.ie Error: unknown archive URL (archived 22 November 1995)
- ↑ The most progressive team in Ireland at www.espnscrum.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived 15 September 2009)
- ↑ History of Jamaica at www.embassyofjamaica.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ What Is Sumo? at web-japan.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Li, MacIntosh, Bravo (2012). International Sport Management, 208. “Taekwondo is Korea's national sport”
- ↑ Nacionālie sporta veidi... at www.nra.lv Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Address at Charles University, Prague at www.president.lt Error: unknown archive URL (archived 28 July 2005)
- ↑ Winn, Luke (15 August 2011). "Lithuania Calling". Sports Illustrated. https://web.archive.org/web/20111010052029/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1189174/index.htm. Retrieved on ۲۴ اگست ۲۰۱۱. "Basketball is the only sport the 3.2 million Lithuanians truly care about—it's their second religion, after Catholicism—and their success is proportionately stunning."
- ↑ Madagascar take Sevens honours at www.irb.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ 14-place jump for Madagascar at www.planetrugby.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Richards, Alexandra.Mauritius: Rodrigues, Réunion. Bradt Travel Guides, 2009, p.90
- ↑ A wrestling competition dedicated to the Wonder of Mongolian National Wrestling
- ↑ Mongolian Embassy in the USA at www.mongolianembassy.us Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Sport, Fitness and Leisure at www2.stats.govt.nz Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Skiing and the Creation of a Norwegian Identity – part 2 at www.norway.org Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Berglund, Nina (20 February 2006). "Few cheers for Norway". Aftenposten. https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023916/https://www.aftenposten.no/english/sports/article1228843.ece. Retrieved on ۲۱ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "The scoreboard shows how the Norwegians placed, a performance considered much too poor in a country where cross-country skiing is a national sport."
- ↑ Sport in Pakistan at www.topendsports.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Pakistan's Olympic humiliation in national sport at www.bbc.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ "PNG vow to upset World Cup odds". Rugby League (Federación Peruana de Frontón). 15 October 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023904/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_league/7671217.stm. Retrieved on ۳ جولائی ۲۰۰۹. "But it would still be one of the biggest shocks in World Cup history if Papua New Guinea – the only country to have rugby league as its national sport – were to qualify for the last four."
- ↑ "PNG seal 2010 Four Nations place". BBC. 1 November 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20181226023825/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/rugby_league/8336567.stm.
- ↑ Paleta-Frontón at www.clubregatas.org.pe Error: unknown archive URL (archived 31 August 2009)
- ↑ Oina – sportul naţional uitat at www.historia.ro Error: unknown archive URL (archived 18 September 2010)
- ↑ Russian bandy players blessed for victory at world championship in Kazan at eng.tatar-inform.ru Error: unknown archive URL (archived 21 January 2011)
- ↑ Alex Salmond quote at www.sportscotland.org.uk Error: unknown archive URL (archived 31 August 2009)
- ↑ ۶۳.۰ ۶۳.۱ Skiing Nation: Towards an Anthropology of Slovenia's National Sport – Kotnik – 2007 – Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism – Wiley Online Library
- ↑ Ata Sporu – Güreş at www.alaturka.info Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Ata Sporu – Cirit at www.kalem.biz Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ ICC Members: Turks and Caicos Islands at www.icc-cricket.com Error: unknown archive URL (archived [Date missing])
- ↑ Duquette, Jerold J. (1999). Regulating the National Pastime: Baseball and Antitrust. Greenwood, 104. ISBN 0-275-96535-X. Retrieved on 21 July 2008. “Baseball justified its privileged legal status by citing the special nature and cultural significance of America's national pastime.”
- ↑ Schrag, Myles (2003). ""known+as+the+national+pastime"&source=web&ots=YxBQqRmkgf&sig=IRgII2ZMuuM-dIFjGAo6aZau2vQ&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=3&ct=result#PPA140,M1 Baseball as National Pastime Revisted: And a Little Town Shall Lead Them", in Peter Carino: Baseball/literature/culture: Essays, 1995–2001. McFarland, Chp.13 p.140. ISBN 0-7864-1643-2. Retrieved on 21 July 2008. “Tradition – that quality so instrumental in elevating baseball to its century-old status as national pastime— has become less important”
- ↑ Gmelch, George (2006-01-01). Baseball Without Borders: The International Pastime, 308. Retrieved on 2014-07-09.
- ↑ Gmelch, George (2006-01-01). Baseball Without Borders: The International Pastime, 308. Retrieved on 2014-07-09.
- ↑ Aponte, Pedro Rafael (2008). The Invention of the National in Venezuelan Art Music, 1920--1960 (UMI:3349149), 56. “Since it was first introduced in the country, baseball has been recognized in Venezuela as the national sport”
- ↑ Harris, John (Summer 2006). "(Re)Presenting Wales: National Identity and Celebrity in the Postmodern Rugby World". North American Journal of Welsh Studies (North American Association for the Study of Welsh Culture and History) 6 (2). http://spruce.flint.umich.edu/~ellisjs/Harris.pdf. Retrieved on ۱۴ جولائی ۲۰۰۸. "rugby used to be the undisputed national sport of Wales […] Rugby Union’s assumed position as ”the national game” has often been questioned on the basis that it is predominantly a game played and followed in South Wales.". Archived 6 April 2013 at the وے بیک مشین